African History
Nigeria’s ECOMOG Wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone, the Battles Abuja Led So West Africa Could Survive
By 1990, Liberia’s civil war had spiraled into a regional emergency. Armed factions battled for control, refugees streamed across borders, and instability threatened to...
Patrice Lumumba in Power, How the Congo Crisis Consumed Its First Prime Minister
On 30 June 1960, the Belgian Congo became independent as the Republic of the Congo, commonly known as Congo Léopoldville. Independence brought celebration and...
Patrice Lumumba and the Struggle for a United Congo, Prison, Politics, and Independence
By the late 1950s, the Belgian Congo was no longer politically quiet. Across Africa, independence movements were forcing colonial powers to confront demands for...
Patrice Lumumba, From Colonial Subject to National Leader
Patrice Lumumba was born on 2 July 1925 in the village of Onalua, located in the Katakokombe area of Kasai Province, in what was...
Patrice Lumumba and the Congo Crisis, From Independence to Assassination
On 30 June 1960, the Belgian Congo became independent and was renamed the Republic of the Congo, often called Congo Léopoldville to distinguish it...