Nigerian History

Inside the Sàngó Shrine of the Timi of Ede

Ede is one of the long established towns of the Yoruba people in what is now Osun State, southwestern Nigeria. Governed by a traditional...

A Thousand Years on the Throne, The Enduring Monarchy of Kanem and Borno

For centuries, the Lake Chad region has been shaped by one of Africa’s longest surviving royal traditions. Long before modern borders, before colonial rule,...

King Duke IX of Old Calabar in the 1890s, power, trade, and survival under British protection

Old Calabar entered the 1890s as one of the most important political and commercial centres on the Cross River. For generations, its rulers and...

The Woman Who Refused to Look Away, Mary Slessor’s Calabar Years That Changed Lives

Mary Slessor remains one of the most compelling figures connected to Calabar and the Cross River region. She is remembered not for comfort or...

Martiniano Eliseu do Bomfim (Òjélàdé), The Bahian Scholar Who Carried Lagos Back to Brazil

Martiniano Eliseu do Bomfim, known in Yorùbá religious life as Òjélàdé, was born in Salvador da Bahia on 16 October 1859. He lived during...

Calabar and the Atlantic Slave Trade, How Old Calabar Became a Major Export Hub

Old Calabar, linked today to the city of Calabar in southeastern Nigeria, was historically not a single town. It was a cluster of Efik...

Slavery in the Oyo Empire, Power, War Captives, and the Atlantic Connection

The Oyo Empire, centred on Oyo Ile in present day south western Nigeria, emerged as one of the most powerful inland states in West...

Eko to Lagos, A Coastal Polity Shaped by Trade, Power, and Enslavement

Lagos began with water. Long before modern streets and skylines, the island and creeks at the edge of the lagoon system offered fish, canoe...

The Efik Fattening Room Tradition, Meaning, Practices, and Modern Life in Calabar

Among the Efik people of Calabar in Cross River State, the fattening room tradition, widely known as Mbopo, remains one of the most recognised...

The Market Days After Ikeji, When Arondizuogu’s Masquerades Take the Road

In Arondizuogu, Ikeji is not marked by a single date, it is marked by a rhythm. The festival unfolds across four Igbo market days,...